Neurologists do not perform surgery (neurosurgeons do). Neurologists often perform nerve conduction studies. With the spine, neurologists are capable of dealing with the spinal cord and associated nerves, but are less involved in spinal fractures, disc prolapse and facet joint pain

Neuropsychologists perform detailed assessments of brain function, including cognitive testing as well as testing for depression.

Neurosurgeons are better placed than neurologists and general (non-spinal) orthopaedic surgeons to assess spinal conditions.

It is best to have the occupational physician review a client after all other specialist have seen them, so that they can most accurately assess work capacity and retraining prospects.

Pain specialists often perform a variety of interventional pain procedures, for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Some plastic surgeons treat brachial plexus injuries and thoracic outlet syndrome.

Psychiatrists are medical specialists who assess and treat a variety of mental health or psychiatric conditions.

Respiratory physicians treat diseases affecting the lungs.